Inheritance

Chromosomes

• Chromosomes are structures found in the nucleus of cells that contain the genetic material (DNA).
• Chromosomes are made up of long, coiled strands of DNA and associated proteins.
• Humans have 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs.

Genes

• Genes are segments of DNA that **code for specific traits or characteristics**.
• Each gene contains the instructions for the production of a specific protein.
• Genes are located on the chromosomes and are the **basic units of inheritance**.

Alleles

• Alleles are **different versions of the same gene**.
• Each parent contributes one allele for each gene, resulting in two alleles for each trait.
• Alleles can be dominant, recessive, or co-dominant.