Energy

Kinetic Energy

• Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.
• It is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion.
• Kinetic energy is proportional to the mass of the object and the square of its velocity.

Potential Energy

• Potential energy is the stored energy of an object due to its position or state.
• There are two main types of potential energy:
• Gravitational potential energy
• Elastic potential energy
• Gravitational potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its position in a gravitational field.
• Elastic potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its deformation.

Thermal Energy

• Thermal energy is the internal energy possessed by an object due to the random motion of its particles.
• It is the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of the particles within the object.
• Thermal energy can be transferred as heat or work.

Electrical Energy

• Electrical energy is the energy carried by moving electric charges, such as in an electric current.
• It is the energy that can be converted into other forms of energy, such as light, heat, or mechanical energy.

Other Forms of Energy

• Other forms of energy include:
• **Light energy**: the energy carried by electromagnetic waves.
• **Sound energy**: the energy carried by mechanical waves.
• **Nuclear energy**: the energy released in nuclear reactions.